Can an Overhead Crane Hook Be Used as an Anchor Point?

One question we hear occasionally is whether workers can tie off to a crane hook for personal fall protection when no other anchorage is available. The answer is somewhat more complicated than a simple yes or no. 

In some instances, OSHA permits workers to use a crane hook as an anchor point, but there are stringent requirements, and it should be considered only as a last resort. Also, the only mention of anchoring a personal fall arrest system in OSHA is in 1926.1423(j), the construction industry code. It does not say so under the general industry standard.

This guide examines the OSHA requirements to help you understand what is permitted. You will learn why and when workers in the construction industry can use overhead crane hooks as anchor points, but those in the general industry may not.

OSHA Fall Arrest and Anchor Point Requirements

The OSHA anchor point regulations under standard numbers 1910 and 1926 make provisions for the general and construction industries, respectively. The requirements for fall arrest anchorages under these regulations are similar. 1910.140(c)(13) requires that anchorages should be able to support a minimum of 5,000 pounds for each employee attached. 

Alternatively, it should be designed, installed, and used as part of a complete fall protection system, maintaining a safety factor of at least two and under a qualified person’s supervision. This requirement is repeated under 1926.502(d)(15).

Again, in both standards, non-engineered fall protection anchorages must be certified to support at least 5,000 pounds for each user. However, only the construction industry standard under 1926.1423 includes a provision for using a crane hook as a fall protection anchorage. The general industry standard does not.

To use an overhead crane hook as an anchor point in the construction industry, you must follow the requirements under 1926.1423(j)(1)-(3). The provision states that:

1. A qualified person must determine whether the setup and rated capacity meet or exceed the requirements of 1926.502 (d)(15).
2. The equipment operator must be at the worksite and informed that the equipment is being used for this purpose.
3. No load should be suspended from the load line when the personal fall arrest system is attached to the hook of the crane derrick.

Preferred Fall Protection Tie Off Option

As discussed, the OSHA standard for the construction industry allows workers to tie off fall arrest systems to the crane or derrick’s hook. However, it does not say this is a preferred option — other solutions should be sought first. Engineered systems are ideal compared to non-engineered anchorages, so consider portable systems, such as the Rigid Lifelines Griffin™, before tying off to a crane hook.

Again, unlike the construction industry, the general industry code does not prescribe using a crane hook as an anchor point for a personal fall arrest system. It appears the permission is limited to the construction industry and only when the 1926.1423(j) parameters have been met. 

A qualified person must determine that the attachment complies with all other OSHA standards for fall arrest, as is the case when using any anchor point that is not a part of an engineered system. You can contact your local OSHA office for more information on OSHA’s requirements.

Preferred Fall Protection Tie Off Option

As discussed, the OSHA standard for the construction industry allows workers to tie off fall arrest systems to the crane or derrick’s hook. However, it does not say this is a preferred option — other solutions should be sought first. Engineered systems are ideal compared to non-engineered anchorages, so consider portable systems, such as the Rigid Lifelines Griffin™, before tying off to a crane hook.

Again, unlike the construction industry, the general industry code does not prescribe using a crane hook as an anchor point for a personal fall arrest system. It appears the permission is limited to the construction industry and only when the 1926.1423(j) parameters have been met. 

A qualified person must determine that the attachment complies with all other OSHA standards for fall arrest, as is the case when using any anchor point that is not a part of an engineered system. You can contact your local OSHA office for more information on OSHA’s requirements.

Permanent and Mobile Tie Off Points

Structures may have permanent or mobile anchor points for fall protection systems. You may only use overhead crane hooks when these options are unavailable. The permanent options are affixed to the building, but mobile anchor points are portable, which you can setup for temporary projects.

Permanent and mobile anchor points are engineered, meaning they are designed by qualified persons and installed specifically for protection. They also meet the requirement for a safety factor of two. Where the structure cannot accommodate permanent anchor points, temporary anchor points are the ideal alternative.

Safety should be the first consideration when choosing an anchor point. If an engineered system is available, use that over non-engineered options. If only non-engineered anchor points are available, choose the strongest material and allow a competent person to inspect it before using it.

Lastly, avoid anchor points that are known to be unsafe or likely to fail. While you may use overhead crane hooks in limited instances, avoid the following:

1. Vents and fans
2. Roof stacks
3. Lanyards
4. Ladders, rungs, and scaffolding
5. Plumbing
6. Ductwork and wiring harnesses

Checking whether the structure or item meets the OSHA anchor point requirements is crucial. If you have any doubts, contact a professional.

Frequently Asked Questions

Here are answers to some frequently asked questions to help broaden your understanding:

What Are the Risks of Noncompliance?

Failing to comply with the OSHA anchor point regulations can result in potential injuries or fatalities. You may also face legal issues like fines or lawful actions, which can lead to loss of money and reputation. Other possible implications include increased insurance costs and operational disruptions. Investing in equipment and engaging professionals can help you adhere to the regulations.

Who Should Conduct Anchor Point Inspections?

A competent individual, well-versed in assessing safety equipment and identifying hazards, must inspect the anchor points. Anchor points have unique inspection requirements often provided in the user manual. The inspector must apply the manufacturer’s recommendations, inspection schedules, and other best practices.

Where Can You Get Quality Anchor Points?

Rigid Lifelines provides a variety of high-quality permanent and temporary anchor points. Examples of permanent anchor points are the Swing Arm Anchor Track and Traveling Bridge systems, while the temporary options include the Rolling A-Frame or Rigid Lifelines Griffin systems.

Contact Rigid Lifelines for Quality Fall Protection Systems

OSHA explicitly permits workers in the construction industry to use overhead crane hooks as anchor points in limited instances. However, that option is unavailable under the general industry code. Investing in quality equipment and consulting professionals where necessary to comply with the regulations and keep your workers safe is crucial.

Rigid Lifelines provides fall protection systems to help employers comply with OSHA standards. Our team of experienced technicians can help you determine the ideal option, depending on your operations. We have years of experience in the industry and are committed to optimizing workplace safety. Contact us today to learn more!